Abstract
Purpose This study evaluated the postprandial effects following consumption of buckwheat, fava bean, pea, hemp and lupin
compared to meat (beef); focussing on biomarkers of satiety, gut hormones, aminoacids and plant metabolites bioavailability
and metabolism.
Methods Ten subjects (n = 3 men; n = 7 women; 42 ± 11.8 years of age; BMI 26 ± 5.8 kg/m2) participated in six 1-day independent
acute interventions, each meal containing 30 g of protein from buckwheat, fava bean, pea, hemp, lupin and meat
(beef). Blood samples were collected during 24-h and VAS questionnaires over 5-h.
Results Volunteers consumed significantly higher amounts of most amino acids from the meat meal, and with few exceptions,
postprandial composition of plasma amino acids was not significantly different after consuming the plant-based meals.
Buckwheat meal was the most satious (300 min hunger scores, p < 0.05).Significant increase in GLP-1 plasma (AUC, iAUC
p = 0.01) found after hemp compared with the other plant-based meals. Decreased plasma ghrelin concentrations (iAUC
p < 0.05) found on plant (hemp) vs. meat meal. Several plasma metabolites after hemp meal consumption were associated
with hormone trends (partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA): 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, indole 3-pyruvic
acid, 5-hydoxytryptophan, genistein and biochanin A with GLP-1, PYY and insulin; 3-hydroxymandelic acid and luteolidin
with GLP-1 and ghrelin and 4-hydroxymandelic acid, benzoic acid and secoisolariciresinol with insulin and ghrelin. Plasma
branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), (iAUC, p < 0.001); and phenylalanine and tyrosine (iAUC, p < 0.05) were lower after
buckwheat comparison with meat meal.
Conclusion Plants are valuable sources of amino acids which are promoting satiety. The impact of hemp and buckwheat on
GLP-1 and, respectively, BCAAs should be explored further as could be relevant for aid and prevention of chronic diseases
such as type 2 diabetes.
Study registered with clinicaltrial.gov on 12th July 2013, study ID number: NCT01898351.
Year
2022
Category
Refereed journal